Burner head for gun-type oil burners



Oct. 24, 1950 D. SINCLAIR ET AL 2,527,503

BURNER HEAD FOR GUN-TYPE OIL BURNERS Filed Feb. 12, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet l pvmvroze.

Oct. 24, 1950 SINCLAJR ETAL 2,527,503

BURNER HEAD FOR GUN-TYPE OIL BURNERS Filed Feb. 12, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 L I L/ 1 1 Ll L] U If 7 IN V EN TOR.

M JMWM Patented Oct. 24, 1950 BURNER HEAD FOR GUN-TYPE OIL BURNERS Donald Sinclair, South Hadley Falls, and Samuel Wallans, Springfield, Mass., assignors to Harvey-Whipple, Incorporated, Springfield, Mass,

a corporation Application February 12, 1949, Serial No. 76,066

2 Claims.

This invention is directed to improvement in fuel burner apparatus and is directed more particularly to oil burner apparatus.

The principal object of our invention is the provision of an oil burner apparatus which is constructed and arranged for economical manufacture, which is adapted for use in connection with boilers, furnaces and the like, and which requires very little maintenance and is efficient in operation.

We have found that our oil burner embodying the novel construction and arrangement is more efficient than prior art burners in that an increased heating ability is attained with a decreased fuel consumption thereby resulting in 1 economy while at the same time the burner in its operations is substantially noiseless.

With the foregoing and various other novel features and advantages and other objects of my invention as will become more apparent as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and in the combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter mo re particularly pointed out in the claims hereunto annexed and more fully described and referred to in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line ll of Fig. 2 and through oil burner apparatus embodying the novel features of our invention;

Fig. 2 is an end elvational view of the oil burner apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevational view on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of the air distributing and directing member of the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

Referring now to the drawings more in detail, the invention will be fully described.

An end member is shown at 2 which has an inner tube 4 extending forwardly therefrom. An outer tube 6 is concentric with the inner tube and extends forwardly from a. flange 8.

For illustrative purposes, the members 2 and 8 are secured in any suitable manner to an air deliverin means I such as is shown in. United States Patent 2,433,317 of December 23, 1947, and which has an air channel l2 extending from an inlet l4. With apparatus of this type, an air propeller (not shown) is located in the member ID adjacent the inlet for delivering air between the inner and outer tubes 4 and 6.

An opening or openings it are provided in air thereinto.

z the inner tube 4 anda member l8 around th member 4 is adjustable to control the flow of This construction is similarto that shown in the patent aforementioned.

It will be understood that other means may be employed for delivering air between the inner and outer tubes to the inner tube.

A conventional oil conduit l8 extends forwardly from the member 2 within the inner tube 4 and has a nozzle 20 of the usual construction on its forward end. 1

A pair of electrodes such as 22 also extend forwardly adjacent the fuel conduit for the purposes of ignition as is well known in the art.

An air distributor 30 is secured in the outer or forward end of the outer tube 6 and has a central part 32 connected to the inner tube- 4 as shown in Fig. 1. I

A heating ring 34 is provided which issecured in any suitable manner, as by screws (not shown), to the forward end of member 30 and further, an insulating gasket 36 is provided be,- tween the members 30 and 34.

The members 30 and 34 have a conical or diverging mouth or outlet which extends from a central openin 36 in the central portion 32 of the member 30 as shown in Fig. 1. That is the outer forward face of member 30 is arranged so that it is similar to a bell mouth or has a depression, the sides of which diverge outwardly while the ring 34 has inner sides which diverge outwardly as a continuation of the sides of the depression, as shown in Fig. l.

The rear side of member 30 is provided with a plurality of bosses 40 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Slots 42 are provided'in the member 30 and grooves 44 are provided in the ibOSSBS. These are arranged so that the slots have entrances for air peripherally of the member 30 rearwardly of member 34 and have outlets within the throat of the member 30.

The bosses and grooves are so arranged that the grooves are disposed radially of the longitudinal axis of the member 30 and at the same time are tangential to this axis, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

With the front end of the burner apparatus disposed in a fire box, with the fuel conduit connected to a means for supplying fuel under pressure, and with the apparatus connected to means for. supplying air which may be as shown the operation is as follows:

Member I8 is adjusted so that such an amount of air enters the inner tube 4 as will function with oil atomized and discharged from the nozzle 20 so as to provide the mixture of air and fuel for the desired combustion.

Air flows outwardly between the outer and inner tubes adjacent the outer tube and downwardly into and through passageways 44.

Air emerges from passageways 44 in such a manner as to swirl or rotate as shown in Fig. 2 and cooperates with air and fuel to produce a rotating or swirling head of flame within and adjacent the mouth of the apparatus. The a r. may swirl in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, all as may be desired.

The heating member will be made'of such material, preferably ferrous material such as a, certain grade of iron adapted to retain a considerable heat, as will vaporize the atomized oil and thereby enhance the operation of the burner.

By means of the construction. we have found depression provided with sides extending in diverging relation outwardly and forwardly from around the air outlet, said air distributor being provided with circumferentially spaced air passageways therethrough having inlets at the rear side thereof in communication with the annular air passageway between said inner and outer tubes and outlets leading into the depression between the air outlet and the forward outer side of said air distributor, longitudinal sides of the outlets being tangentially related to the longitudinal axes of said inner and outer tubes, a heat in- 'sulating annulu's'on the outer forward face of that improved combustion results which bringsabout greater efficiency and economy wth an attenuation of noise usually present in connection with burners.

The air is warmed or preheated'as the air passed into the throat of the member 30. That is to say, the air passes through the grooves M which serve as passageways as aforesaid and in such passage, the member 30 being heated, some of that heat is transferred to the surrounding air whereby it is preheated before entrance into the throat of the member 30 where combustion takes place. Simultaneously the air in the grooves tends to cool the member 39, it be ng appreciated that the air as it enters thereinto is cool and that the member 30 is hot due to the combustion in the throat thereof some of which heat is transferred to the member 30. In other words, the temperatures are more or less equalized; the temperature of the cool air is raised and the temperature of the member 30 is lowered all as is desired.

The invention may be embod ed in other specific forms without departng from the essential characteristics thereof. Hence, the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects merely as being illustrative and not as i being restrictive, the scope of the invent on being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all modifications and variations as fall within the meaning and purview and range of equivalency of the appended claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

What it is desired to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Oil burner construction comprising in combination, inner and outer concentrically related tubes spaced from each other and providing an elongated annular air passagewaytherebetween and having the forward outer end of said inner tube terminating inwardly of the corresponding end of said outer tube, means secured to and closing the rear inner end of said inner tube, an adjustable air inlet provided in said inner tube at the inner end thereof, an oil conduit within sa d inner tube having a discharge nozzle adjacent the forward end thereof, an air distributor secured to the outer forward ends of said inner and outer tubes closing the forward end of the passageway therebetween and having an outlet therethrough concentrically related to said tubes and with its outer forward side having an inwardly extending said air distributor, and a heating member of substantially thickened form on the outer forward face of said heating annulus having sides extendingoutwardly in alignment with the sides of the depression in said air distributor.

2. Oil burner construction comprising in combination, inner and outer concentrically related tubes spaced from eachother and providing an elongated annular air passageway therebetween and having the forward outer end of said inner tube terminating inwardly of the corresponding end of said outer tube, means secured to and closing the rear inner end of said inner tube, an adjustable air inlet provided in said inner tube at the inner end thereof, an oil conduit within said inner tube having :a discharge nozzle ad acent the forward end thereof, an air distributor secured to the outer forward ends of said inner and outer tubes closing the forward end of the passageway therebetween and having an outlet therethrough concentrically related to said tubes and with its outer forward side having an inwardly extending depression provided with sides extending in diverging relation outwardly and forwardly from around the air outlet, said air distributor being provided with circumferentially spaced air passageways therethrough having inletsat the rear side thereof in communication with the annular air passageway between said inner and outer tubes and outlets leading into the depression between the air outlet and the forward outer side of said air distributor, longitudinal sides of the outlets'being tangentially related to the longitudinal axes of :said inner and outer tubes, a heat insulating annulus on the outer forward face of said air distributor, and a heating member of substantially thickened form on the outer forward face of said heating annulus'hav- .ing sides extending outwardly in alignment with the sides of the depression in said air distributor, the outlets of the air passageways having a relatively greater length than transverse width.

' DONALD SINCLAIR. SAMUEL WALLANS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,953,483 Higinbotham Apr. 3, 1934 2,156,121 Macrae Apr. 25, 1939 2,219,696 Mueller et a1. Oct. 29, 1940 2,221,519 Jones et al Nov. 12, 1940 2,262,525 De Lancey- Nov. 11, 1941 2,304,294 Wood Dec. 8, 1942 2,433,317 Carter Dec. 23, 1947 

